Understanding the Purpose and Benefits of Retaining Walls

Monarch Masonry Team
May 15
5 min read

Updated: May 17

Retaining walls are essential structures for managing land and preventing erosion. They hold back soil and help create level areas in uneven landscapes. This blog post will explore the various aspects of retaining walls, highlighting their purposes and benefits in landscaping, construction, and property management.

The Importance of Retaining Walls

Retaining walls serve many purposes, from enhancing landscaping aesthetics to providing structural support. They are crucial in areas with steep slopes or changes in elevation. Without proper support, these slopes can erode or collapse, resulting in significant landscaping issues and even safety hazards.

In addition, retaining walls can increase the usable space on your property. By creating flat areas where none exist, these walls allow for additional outdoor spaces, such as gardens, patios, or even play areas. This improvement can significantly enhance your home’s value and functionality.

Eye-level view of a beautifully landscaped backyard with a stone retaining wall — The retaining wall enhances the beauty of the backyard landscape.

Benefits of Using Retaining Walls

The benefits of retaining walls extend beyond mere aesthetics. Here are some key advantages:

Erosion Control: One of the primary functions of retaining walls is to prevent soil erosion. They stabilize slopes and keep soil in place, reducing the risk of landslides or washouts, especially during heavy rain.
Increased Property Value: Well-designed and properly constructed retaining walls add value to your property. They enhance the overall appeal, making your home more attractive to potential buyers.
Land Utilization: By creating flat areas in sloped terrains, retaining walls maximize the available land. This feature helps you make the most of your outdoor space.
Improved Water Drainage: Retaining walls can help redirect water flow, preventing water accumulation in unwanted areas. A correctly positioned wall can guide water away from your home’s foundation, reducing the risk of flooding.
Aesthetic Enhancement: Retaining walls come in various designs and materials. They can complement your landscaping while showcasing your personal style. From natural stone to wooden walls, there are countless options available.

Wide angle view of a natural stone retaining wall in a landscaped garden — The natural stone retaining wall enhances the overall garden design.

What are the three types of retaining walls?

Retaining walls can be classified into three main types, each with distinct characteristics and applications.

Gravity Walls: These walls rely on their weight to hold back the soil. They are typically built from heavy materials like concrete or stone and are designed to resist pressure from the soil behind them. Gravity walls are suitable for lower heights and areas where soil stability is a concern.
Cantilevered Walls: These retaining walls utilize a lever system, using a thin stem of concrete and a footing that extends out beneath the soil. They require less material than gravity walls and can support taller structures. Cantilevered walls are ideal for areas with uneven terrain, where gravity walls may not be optimal.
Sheet Piling Walls: Constructed using steel, vinyl, or wood sheets driven into the ground, sheet piling walls are excellent for high-pressure environments. They are often used in waterfront areas or places with limited space. The sheets interlock, forming a continuous barrier, making sheet piling walls efficient at holding back soil.

High angle view of a cantilevered concrete retaining wall in an open area — The cantilevered wall effectively supports the soil in the sloped area.

Choosing the Right Retaining Wall for Your Project

When considering which type of retaining wall to use, several factors must be taken into account:

Soil Type: Different soil types exert varying levels of pressure on retaining walls. Conduct a soil analysis to determine how much support will be needed for your selected wall type.
Height and Slope: The height of the wall and the slope of the area will influence your choice. For taller walls or steep slopes, consider gravity or cantilevered walls for greater stability.
Material Options: Retaining walls can be made from concrete, timber, stone, or even boulders. Each material comes with its pros and cons in terms of durability, maintenance, and cost.
Aesthetic Considerations: Your retaining wall should blend with the natural landscape. Choose materials and designs that complement your environment and enhance your property's appearance.
Local Regulations: Always check local building codes and regulations regarding retaining walls. Certain areas may have specific requirements based on climate, terrain, and zoning laws.

Close-up view of a wooden retaining wall in a residential garden — The wooden retaining wall adds a rustic charm to the garden landscape.

The Installation Process

Installing a retaining wall requires careful planning and execution. Here’s a step-by-step overview:

Design the Wall: Start by designing your retaining wall. Take measurements and ensure the design suits your specific needs, considering height, material, and location.
Gather Materials: Once the design is complete, gather the required materials. Ensure you have everything necessary for the construction, including tools.
Prepare the Site: Clear the area where the wall will be built. Remove any vegetation or debris and dig out the foundation. A solid base is crucial for the wall’s stability.
Build the Wall: Depending on the type of retaining wall, construction may vary. Follow the chosen design and ensure all elements are secured, adequately spaced, and leveled.
Backfill: After constructing the wall, backfill with gravel or soil fill to provide additional drainage and support. This step helps to relieve pressure from behind the wall.
Finish With Drainage: Effective drainage is key to the longevity of your retaining wall. Install weep holes or drainage pipes as needed to allow water to pass through.

Maintenance Tips for Retaining Walls

To ensure the longevity and functionality of your retaining wall, regular maintenance is essential. Here are some key tips:

Inspect Regularly: Perform periodic checks for cracks or signs of soil movement. Addressing minor issues early can prevent more significant problems down the line.
Clear Debris: Ensure that leaves, soil, and debris do not block the drainage system. Keeping the area clean helps manage water flow.
Check for Weeds: Weeds can grow in the backfill or along the wall, destabilizing it. Regularly remove any vegetation to maintain the wall's integrity.
Look for Water Damage: Excessive water can erode the soil behind the wall. Monitor drainage and adjust landscaping to prevent water accumulation.
Consider Reinforcement: If you notice significant wear over time, consider additional reinforcement. Retaining walls may require support materials or redesigns as the landscape changes.

By understanding the purpose and benefits of retaining walls and providing proper care and maintenance, you can ensure your investment continues to pay off in both aesthetics and functionality for many years to come. Properly designed and constructed, these walls can protect your property while adding visual appeal and usable outdoor space.